Essentials Of Inorganic Chemistry
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Essentials of Inorganic Chemistry
A comprehensive introduction to inorganic chemistry and, specifically, the science of metal-based drugs, Essentials of Inorganic Chemistry describes the basics of inorganic chemistry, including organometallic chemistry and radiochemistry, from a pharmaceutical perspective. Written for students of pharmacy and pharmacology, pharmaceutical sciences, medicinal chemistry and other health-care related subjects, this accessible text introduces chemical principles with relevant pharmaceutical examples rather than as stand-alone concepts, allowing students to see the relevance of this subject for their future professions. It includes exercises and case studies.
This book starts with a brief introduction followed by a chapter of common reaction types employed in synthesis. In chapter 2, the authors describe different types of reactions, along with suitable and fully explained examples. The ceramic method is common for the synthesis of oxides, sulphides, and phosphides, and it is briefly described in chapter 3 using examples and illustrations. Chapter 4 highlights the synthesis of complex materials by using decomposition of precursor compounds. Combustion synthesis is explained in chapter 5, while the arc and skull methods are explained in chapter 6. Reactions occuring at high pressure are discussed well in chapter 7. The next two chapters are based on mechanochemical, sonochemical and microwave methods. Soft chemistry routes, such as topochemical reactions, intercalation reactions, ion exchange reactions, use of fluxes, sol-gel synthesis, electrochemical, hydrothermal, solvothermal and ionothermal synthesis, are briefly explained with complete chemical reactions and illustrations. Nebulized spray pyrolysis is discussed in chapter 11. Chapter 12 throws light on chemical vapor deposition and atomic layer deposition.
It is clear that the hundreds of reactions presented, with brief explanations, involved in synthetic processes can be a helpful guide for a student who has finished his/her courses and just stepped into experimental work related to material science. This book will provide students with a glimpse of the large number of synthetic processes without the need for searching individual papers. Thus, it will be highly suitable for beginners in the inorganic materials world and is recommended for the basic study of the synthesis of a large number of inorganic materials.
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The growth of inorganic chemistry during the last fifty years has made it almost impossible for the student to assimilate all the factual information available. This book is designed tohelp the student begin to tackle this task by showing exactly how a chemist uses the Periodic Table to organize and process this mass of information. After opening with a clear description of the quantum mechanical basis on the Periodic Table, the author goes on to illustrate how a modern inorganic chemist uses the Periodic Table to interpret a wide range of chemical phenomena. Rather than giving the descriptive properties he illustrates how the variations are interpreted. Thus he describes vertical trends, horizontal and diagonal trends, and then isoelectronic relationships. The latter provides a basis for developing bonding models which account for the structures and reactivities for molecules. Finally he describes the horizontal and vertical relationships associated with the transition metals, the lanthanides, and the actinides. The basic methodology developed in Essential Trends in Inorganic Chemistry will enable the student to apply these basic principles to other problems and to assimilate more detailed accounts of modern inorganic chemistry in a structured way.
The aim of this (Essentials of Inorganic Chemistry) book is to interest students from pharmacy, pharmaceutical sciences, and related subjects in the area of inorganic chemistry. There are strong links between pharmacy/pharmaceutical sciences and inorganic chemistry as metal-based drugs are used in a variety of pharmaceutical applications ranging from anticancer drugs to antimicrobial eye drops.
The idea of this introductory-level book is to teach basic inorganic chemistry, including general chemical principles, organometallic chemistry, and radiochemistry, by using pharmacy-relevant examples. Each chapter in this book is dedicated to one main group of elements or transition-metal group and typically starts with a general introduction to the chemistry of this group followed by a range of pharmaceutical applications.
Chapter 1 gives an introduction to medicinal inorganic chemistry and provides an overview of the basic inorganic principles. The electronic structures of atoms and different bond formations are also discussed.
Chapter 2 is dedicated to alkali metals. Within this chapter, the basic chemistry of group 1 elements is discussed, together with the clinical use of selected examples. The reader is introduced to the clinical use of lithium salts in the treatment of bipolar disorder together with its historical development. In addition, the central role of sodium and potassium ions in many physiological functions is discussed in this chapter.
The chemistry of alkaline-earth metals and their clinical applications are the topic of Chapter 3. The potential biological role, clinical use, and toxicity of a variety of examples are covered in this chapter. This includes issues relating to excessive beryllium uptake and the central physiological role magnesium and calcium play in the human body as well as the clinical use of barium salts and their potential toxicity.
After an introduction to the general chemistry of group 13 elements, the clinical uses of multivalent boron, aluminum, and gallium are discussed in Chapter 4. The concept of metalloids is introduced, together with the general chemical behavior of group 14 elements.
Chapter 5 concentrates on the general chemistry of group 14 elements and the clinical application of silicon and germanium-based compounds. Silicon-based compounds are under discussion as novel drug alternatives to their carbon-based analogs. Germanium-based compounds have a very varied reputation for clinical use, ranging from food supplementation to proposed anticancer properties.
Chapter 7 gives an overview of the area of transition-metal-based drugs with cisplatin being the most widely used example. In addition, developments in the area of iron and ruthenium-based compounds for clinical use are also discussed. Other topics include the clinical use of coinage metals and the biological role of zinc. The reader is introduced to a variety of concepts in connection to d-block metals including crystal field theory. The concept of organometallic chemistry with a focus on d-block metals is introduced in Chapter 8. Clinical developments in the area of ferrocenes, titanocene, and vanadocenes are used as examples for current and future research. In Chapter 9, the reader is introduced to f-block metals and their clinical applications. The topics discussed include the use of lanthanum carbonate as a phosphate binder, the use of gadolinium in MRI contrast agents, and the potential use of cerium salts in wound healing.
Inorganic Chemistry delivers the essentials of inorganic chemistry. Its strong coverage of atomic theory and emphasis on physical chemistry gives you a firm grasp of theory, while its clear presentation of molecular orbital and group theory deftly captures key principles.
The universal adoption of an agreed chemical nomenclature is a key tool for communication in the chemical sciences, for computer-based searching in databases, and for regulatory purposes, such as those associated with health and safety or commercial activity. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) provides recommendations on the nature and use of chemical nomenclature [1]. The basics of this nomenclature are shown here, and in companion documents on the nomenclature systems for organic chemistry [2] and polymers [3], with hyperlinks to the original documents. An overall summary of chemical nomenclature can be found in Principles of Chemical Nomenclature [4]. Greater detail can be found in the Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, colloquially known as the Red Book [5], and in the related publications for organic compounds (the Blue Book) [6] and polymers (the Purple Book) [7]. It should be noted that many compounds may have non-systematic or semi-systematic names (some of which are not accepted by IUPAC for several reasons, for example because they are ambiguous) and IUPAC rules allow for more than one systematic name in many cases. IUPAC is working towards identification of single names which are to be preferred for regulatory purposes (Preferred IUPAC Names, or PINs). 041b061a72